BONDOX HAIR TREATMENT (Brazilian (250 g))

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When you’ve settled on a physician, make a Botox plan with them. Remember that your beautiful face is unique and attached to a unique individual — you! That means that your Botox plan will be different than your mom’s or even your bestie’s. And it should be. Your doctor should also evaluate all your dynamic muscle movements. “I have the patient flex the muscles in the area of concern to see whether Botox is a good option and/or how much to inject,” Chang says. Košenina S, Masuyer G, Zhang S, Dong M, Stenmark P (June 2019). "Crystal structure of the catalytic domain of the Weissella oryzae botulinum-like toxin". FEBS Letters. 593 (12): 1403–1410. doi: 10.1002/1873-3468.13446. PMID 31111466. Bothered by wrinkles and curious about botox? Used as a cosmetic procedure to relax the muscles in your face to smooth out fine lines and wrinkles, Botox injections are now routinely available on the high street. But is the procedure safe, what are the side-effects and does it actually work?

Botulinum toxin type-A has also been used in the treatment of gummy smiles, [146] the material is injected into the hyperactive muscles of upper lip, which causes a reduction in the upward movement of lip thus resulting in a smile with a less exposure of gingiva. [147] Botox is usually injected in the three lip elevator muscles that converge on the lateral side of the ala of the nose; the levator labii superioris (LLS), the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle (LLSAN), and the zygomaticus minor (ZMi). [148] [149] Upper motor neuron syndrome [ edit ] a b Carruthers JD, Carruthers JA (January 1992). "Treatment of glabellar frown lines with C. botulinum-A exotoxin". The Journal of Dermatologic Surgery and Oncology. 18 (1): 17–21. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.1992.tb03295.x. PMID 1740562. Carruthers JD, Fagien S, Joseph JH, Humphrey SD, Biesman BS, Gallagher CJ, etal. (January 2020). "DaxibotulinumtoxinA for Injection for the Treatment of Glabellar Lines: Results from Each of Two Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 Studies (SAKURA 1 and SAKURA 2)". Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 145 (1): 45–58. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000006327. PMC 6940025. PMID 31609882.Wittich CM, Burkle CM, Lanier WL (October 2012). "Ten common questions (and their answers) about off-label drug use". Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 87 (10): 982–990. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.04.017. PMC 3538391. PMID 22877654. Mittal SO, Safarpour D, Jabbari B (February 2016). "Botulinum Toxin Treatment of Neuropathic Pain". Seminars in Neurology. 36 (1): 73–83. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1571953. PMID 26866499. S2CID 41120474. Zamanian A, et al. (2017). Efficacy of Botoxversus placebo for treatment of patients with major depression. a b c d Felber ES (October 2006). "Botulinum toxin in primary care medicine". The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association. 106 (10): 609–614. doi: 10.7556/jaoa. PMID 17122031. S2CID 245177279.

Botulinum toxin exerts its effect by cleaving key proteins required for nerve activation. First, the toxin binds specifically to presynaptic surface of neurons that use the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. [83] Once bound to the nerve terminal, the neuron takes up the toxin into a vesicle by receptor-mediated endocytosis. [84] As the vesicle moves farther into the cell, it acidifies, activating a portion of the toxin that triggers it to push across the vesicle membrane and into the cell cytoplasm. [17] Botulinum neurotoxins recognize distinct classes of receptors simultaneously ( gangliosides, synaptotagmin and SV2). [85] Once inside the cytoplasm, the toxin cleaves SNARE proteins (proteins that mediate vesicle fusion, with their target membrane bound compartments) meaning that the acetylcholine vesicles cannot bind to the intracellular cell membrane, [84] preventing the cell from releasing vesicles of neurotransmitter. This stops nerve signaling, leading to flaccid paralysis. [17] [85] Simpson L (2 December 2012). Botulinum Neurotoxin and Tetanus Toxin. Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-323-14160-4. Archived from the original on 28 August 2021 . Retrieved 1 October 2020. Botox for medical purposes is usually covered by insurance if deemed medically necessary by your doctor and covers a plethora of medical problems including overactive bladder (OAB), urinary incontinence due to neurologic conditions, headaches and migraines, TMJ, spasticity in adults, cervical dystonia in adults, severe axillary hyperhidrosis (or other areas of the body), blepharospasm, upper or lower limb spasticity. [116] [117] Hyperhidrosis [ edit ] This article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. ( October 2017) In U.S., Few Alternatives To Testing On Animals". The Washington Post. 12 April 2008. Archived from the original on 12 November 2012 . Retrieved 26 June 2011.Arnon SS, Schechter R, Inglesby TV, Henderson DA, Bartlett JG, Ascher MS, etal. (February 2001). "Botulinum toxin as a biological weapon: medical and public health management". JAMA. 285 (8): 1059–1070. doi: 10.1001/jama.285.8.1059. PMID 11209178. Nigam, P. K. (2010). "BOTULINUM TOXIN". Indian Journal of Dermatology. 55 (1): 8–14. doi: 10.4103/0019-5154.60343. PMC 2856357. PMID 20418969.

a b Janes LE, Connor LM, Moradi A, Alghoul M (April 2021). "Current Use of Cosmetic Toxins to Improve Facial Aesthetics". Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 147 (4): 644e–657e. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000007762. PMID 33776040. S2CID 232408799.a b Al-Ghamdi AS, Alghanemy N, Joharji H, Al-Qahtani D, Alghamdi H (January 2015). "Botulinum toxin: Non cosmetic and off-label dermatological uses". Journal of Dermatology & Dermatologic Surgery. 19 (1): 1–8. doi: 10.1016/j.jdds.2014.06.002.