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Jo is passionate about Marzens and how they should be true to style – listen in full to see which we recommend.

Peterson, Christopher; Park, Nansook; Kim, Eric S. (February 2012). "Can optimism decrease the risk of illness and disease among the elderly?". Aging Health. 8 (1): 5–8. doi: 10.2217/ahe.11.81. Welcome to A Woman’s Brew – The Podcast, where women talk about beer! A Woman’s Brew is two beer loving women on a mission to get more people drinking and talking about great beer. Joanne & Tori want to talk you through beer styles, breweries we love, beer tasting tips, beer traditions and more from the world of craft beer. Doyle also apologised “whole-heartedly” to anyone who felt let down or disappointed and assured that it was never his intention to end things like this. With Courtney, Jo discusses how you can start using tarot and how you can apply it to your craft beer hobby. She also gives advice on how to work on your own zine. Robinson-Whelen, Susan; Kim, Cheongtag; MacCallum, Robert C.; Kiecolt-Glaser, Janice K. (1997). "Distinguishing optimism from pessimism in older adults: Is it more important to be optimistic or not to be pessimistic?". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 73 (6): 1345–1353. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.73.6.1345. PMID 9418282.Data from real estate adviser Altus Group showed more than 32 pubs a month disappeared last year​​​. Abela, John R.Z.; Auerbach, Randy P.; Seligman, Martin E.P. (2008). "Dispositional Pessimism Across the Lifespan". In Dobson, Keith; Dozois, David (eds.). Risk Factors in Depression. San Diego, Calif.: Academic Press. p. 213. ISBN 9780080450780. There is much debate about the relationship between explanatory style and optimism. Some researchers argue that optimism is simply the lay-term for what researchers know as explanatory style. [23] More commonly, it is found that explanatory style is distinct from dispositional optimism, [24] so the two should not be used interchangeably as they are marginally correlated at best. More research is required to "bridge" or further differentiate these concepts. [21] Origins [ edit ] Optimistic personality (modified from [4]) Optimalists accept failures and learn from them, encouraging further pursuit of achievement. [64] Ben-Shahar believes that optimalists and perfectionists show distinct motives. Optimalists tend to have more intrinsic, inward desires, with a motivation to learn, while perfectionists are highly motivated by a need to prove themselves worthy consistently. [62]

A number of studies have been done on optimism and psychological well-being. One 30-year study undertaken by Lee et al. (2019) [ full citation needed] assessed the overall optimism and longevity of cohorts of men from the Veterans Affairs Normative Aging Study and women from the Nurses' Health Study. The study found a positive correlation between higher levels of optimism and exceptional longevity, defined as a lifespan exceeding 85 years. An article by Mayo Clinic argues that steps to change self-talk from negative to positive may shift individuals from a negative to a more positive/optimistic outlook. [48] Strategies claimed to be of value include surrounding oneself with positive people, identifying areas of change, practicing positive self-talk, being open to humor, and following a healthy lifestyle. [48] Rescher, Nicholas (2010). Axiogenesis: An Essay in Metaphysical Optimalism. Lanham, Md.: Lexington Books. p.41. ISBN 978-0-7391-4932-4. Seeking to explain the correlation, [ specify] researchers find that optimists choose healthier lifestyles. For example, optimists smoke less, are more physically active, consume more fruit, vegetables, and whole-grain bread, and are more moderate in alcohol consumption. [47] Translating association into modifiability [ edit ]

Leibniz proposed that it was not God's power to create a perfect world, but he created the best among possible worlds. [55] In one of his writings, he responded to Blaise Pascal's philosophy of awe and desperation in the face of the infinite by claiming that infinity should be celebrated. While Pascal advocated for making man's rational aspirations more humble, Leibniz was optimistic about the capacity of human reason to extend itself further. [56] Weiten, Wayne; Lloyd, Margaret (2005). Psychology Applied to Modern Life: Adjustment in the 21st Century. Belmont, Calif.: Thomson Wadsworth. pp. 96. ISBN 978-0534608590. Seligman, M.E.P. (2006). Learned Optimism: How to Change Your Mind and Your Life. Vintage. ISBN 1400078393. The Attributional Style Questionnaire (ASQ) [33] is based on the explanatory style model of optimism. Subjects read a list of six positive and negative events (e.g. " you have been looking for a job unsuccessfully for some time"), and are asked to record a possible cause for the event. They then rate whether this is internal or external, stable or changeable, and global or local to the event. [33] There are several modified versions of the ASQ including the Expanded Attributional Style Questionnaire (EASQ), the Content Analysis of Verbatim Explanations (CAVE), and the ASQ designed for testing the optimism of children. [21] Associations with health [ edit ]

Alas, December was our worst on record, and the opportunities slipped away. Following meetings with accountants and financial professionals we were left with no option but to close.”Giltay, Erik J.; Geleijnse, Johanna M.; Zitman, Frans G.; Buijsse, Brian; Kromhout, Daan (November 2007). "Lifestyle and dietary correlates of dispositional optimism in men: The Zutphen Elderly Study". Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 63 (5): 483–490. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2007.07.014. PMID 17980220.